Kalça Displazili Köpeklerde Altın İmplantasyon
Hip-joint arthritis; mostly from canine hip displasia (CHD); is a common; non-curable and painful disease amongst medium and large breed dogs. (1) Canine hip displasia has two different treatment options; surgical or medicine. But in last decade alternative medicine relatively common. Gold bead implantation has a more prominent role. (2;3) Gold bead implantation (GBI) is a treatment used in acupunctur to relieve pain in chronic joint disease. (4) The gold ions; release to the implant area inhibit of macrophages and polymorphonuclear luecocytes. İn addition; gold ions are believed to inhibit antigen prosesing and to suppress NF-kappa B binding activity and I- kappa B- kinase activation resulting in a reduced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. (5)
Materials and methods
The dogs ( n= 46 ) had clinical examination and a radiographic diagnosis of either unilateral or bilateral CHD. Breed of dogs; Golden Retriever (n=19); German Shepherd (n=10); King Charles Cavalier (n=1); Pit-bull terrier (n=1); Bernese Mountain Dog (n=1); Rottweiler (n=3); Labrador Retriever (n=1); French Bulldog (n=2); Samoyed (n=1); Husky (n=1); St. Bernard (n=1); Pincher (n=1); Mix Breed (n=3); Airedale Terrier (n=1) are used in this study. Age of the dogs ranged from 8 months to 8 years; 28 dogs are males and 18 are females. After treatment have controlled at 3; 6 and 12 months post-implantation and pain controlled has been observed.
Twenty four carat gold wire ( 0.7 mm in diameter; 1 mm in length ) were implantated bilaterally ( unilateral in no= 1 ) in dorsal; cranial and caudal acetabular edge of the pelvis. Implantation was performed with the dogs under anesthesia [ xylazine (Rompun ® 20mg/ml; “Bayer” ) 2mg/kg i.m.; ketamine HCl Ketalar ® 50 mg/ml; “Pfizer”) 15mg/kg i.m.]; and the beads were inserted through the skin with long stainless steel needles (14G) after standard surgical preparation of the skin. The dogs were positioned in lateral recumbency; the needles were inserted in acetabular edge points and 1g/10kg gold bead were implanted. (4;6)
FINDING
Our all cases have osteoarthritis in coxofemoral joint and have not shown lameness or gait abnormalities after implantation. Pain relief has observed; 18 cases on the third days; 14 cases on the first week; 10 cases on the second weeks and 4 ceses on the first month following the operation.
Radiographic controlled could take only 28 cases and none of these have shown progress the disease. 8-12 month ages dogs were more better findings then the older. Follow up radiographics was taken 3; 6 and 12 month and evolution have shown on osteoarthritis did not progress even some cases osteoarthritis regressed. Different rates of pain reduce has observed of all cases.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION
Paliative methods have used successfully for treatment on hip displasia. Reported that dogs younger than 2.6 years had the best effect of the treatment. And we also determined gold implantation is more effective in dogs less than 2 years old. According to veterinary and owners assesment 74% of patient improved. Bjorkmen and others (2001) state that 65% of treated dogs improved.
It is concluded that; there are significant improve at the gold bead implated joints. Gold bead reduced the pain and stop progression of osteoarthritis.
REFERENCES
Gry T Jæger; Stig Larsen; Nils Soli and Lars Moe;. Two years follow up study of the pain- relieving effect of gold bead implantation in dogs with hip-joint arthritis. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 2007; 49:9
Amy S. Kapatkin; Philipp D. Mayhew; Gail K. Smith;. Canine hip dysplasia: evidence-based treatment. University of Pennsylvania. Vol. 24; No.8 August 2002
Hao-Jun You; Lars Arendt-Nielsen; Gorm Danscher;. Chronic gold implantation: A promising alternative treatment of inflammation associated pain in humans and animals.
Gry T. Jæger; Oyvind Stigen; Morten Devor and Lars Moe;. Gold bead implantation for coxofemoral arthrosis in dog: Method description and adverse effects. Animals 2012; 2; 426-436
Gorm Danscher; In vivo liberation of gold ions from gold implant. Autometallographic tracing of gold in cells adjacent to metallic gold. Histochem Cell Biol (2002); 117:447-452
K.-I. Lie; G. Jæger; K. Nordstoga; and L. Moe;. Inflamatory response to therapeutic gold bead implantation in canine hip joint osteoarthritis. Veterinary pathology 000(00) 1-7.
G. T. Jæger; S. Larsen and L. Moe;. Stratification; blinding and placebo effect in a randomized; double blind placebo-controlled clinical trial of gold bead implantation in dogs with hip dysplasia. Acta vet. Scand. 2005; 46; 57-68
Materials and methods
The dogs ( n= 46 ) had clinical examination and a radiographic diagnosis of either unilateral or bilateral CHD. Breed of dogs; Golden Retriever (n=19); German Shepherd (n=10); King Charles Cavalier (n=1); Pit-bull terrier (n=1); Bernese Mountain Dog (n=1); Rottweiler (n=3); Labrador Retriever (n=1); French Bulldog (n=2); Samoyed (n=1); Husky (n=1); St. Bernard (n=1); Pincher (n=1); Mix Breed (n=3); Airedale Terrier (n=1) are used in this study. Age of the dogs ranged from 8 months to 8 years; 28 dogs are males and 18 are females. After treatment have controlled at 3; 6 and 12 months post-implantation and pain controlled has been observed.
Twenty four carat gold wire ( 0.7 mm in diameter; 1 mm in length ) were implantated bilaterally ( unilateral in no= 1 ) in dorsal; cranial and caudal acetabular edge of the pelvis. Implantation was performed with the dogs under anesthesia [ xylazine (Rompun ® 20mg/ml; “Bayer” ) 2mg/kg i.m.; ketamine HCl Ketalar ® 50 mg/ml; “Pfizer”) 15mg/kg i.m.]; and the beads were inserted through the skin with long stainless steel needles (14G) after standard surgical preparation of the skin. The dogs were positioned in lateral recumbency; the needles were inserted in acetabular edge points and 1g/10kg gold bead were implanted. (4;6)
FINDING
Our all cases have osteoarthritis in coxofemoral joint and have not shown lameness or gait abnormalities after implantation. Pain relief has observed; 18 cases on the third days; 14 cases on the first week; 10 cases on the second weeks and 4 ceses on the first month following the operation.
Radiographic controlled could take only 28 cases and none of these have shown progress the disease. 8-12 month ages dogs were more better findings then the older. Follow up radiographics was taken 3; 6 and 12 month and evolution have shown on osteoarthritis did not progress even some cases osteoarthritis regressed. Different rates of pain reduce has observed of all cases.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION
Paliative methods have used successfully for treatment on hip displasia. Reported that dogs younger than 2.6 years had the best effect of the treatment. And we also determined gold implantation is more effective in dogs less than 2 years old. According to veterinary and owners assesment 74% of patient improved. Bjorkmen and others (2001) state that 65% of treated dogs improved.
It is concluded that; there are significant improve at the gold bead implated joints. Gold bead reduced the pain and stop progression of osteoarthritis.
REFERENCES
Gry T Jæger; Stig Larsen; Nils Soli and Lars Moe;. Two years follow up study of the pain- relieving effect of gold bead implantation in dogs with hip-joint arthritis. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 2007; 49:9
Amy S. Kapatkin; Philipp D. Mayhew; Gail K. Smith;. Canine hip dysplasia: evidence-based treatment. University of Pennsylvania. Vol. 24; No.8 August 2002
Hao-Jun You; Lars Arendt-Nielsen; Gorm Danscher;. Chronic gold implantation: A promising alternative treatment of inflammation associated pain in humans and animals.
Gry T. Jæger; Oyvind Stigen; Morten Devor and Lars Moe;. Gold bead implantation for coxofemoral arthrosis in dog: Method description and adverse effects. Animals 2012; 2; 426-436
Gorm Danscher; In vivo liberation of gold ions from gold implant. Autometallographic tracing of gold in cells adjacent to metallic gold. Histochem Cell Biol (2002); 117:447-452
K.-I. Lie; G. Jæger; K. Nordstoga; and L. Moe;. Inflamatory response to therapeutic gold bead implantation in canine hip joint osteoarthritis. Veterinary pathology 000(00) 1-7.
G. T. Jæger; S. Larsen and L. Moe;. Stratification; blinding and placebo effect in a randomized; double blind placebo-controlled clinical trial of gold bead implantation in dogs with hip dysplasia. Acta vet. Scand. 2005; 46; 57-68