Habitual Tea Drinking And Bone Mineral Density İn Postmenopausal Turkish Women: Investigation Of Prevalence Of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis İn Turkey (Ippot Study).
Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 2007 Nov ;77 (6):389-397 18622949 (P;S;E;B)
Habitual Tea Drinking and Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Turkish Women: Investigation of Prevalence of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis in Turkey (IPPOT Study).
[My paper] I Hamdi Kara; S Aydin; A Gemalmaz; Z Aktürk; H Yaman; N Bozdemir; H Kurdak; K Sitmapinar; I Devran Sencar; O Basak; M Akdeniz; H Isıldar; E Burgut; S Ozcan; U Akça; N Dagdeviren; M Ungan
Dicle University School of Medicine; Department of Family Medicine; Diyarbakir - Turkey.
Aim: In this epidemiological report; we assessed the prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis (OP) in postmenopausal Turkish women and the relationship between body mass index (BMI); and some nutritional factors (habitual tea; coffee; tobacco; and milk product consumption) with OP. Methods: This multicenter study was done in postmenopausal women residing in five big cities; in four different regions of Turkey between August and November 2005. An inclusion criterion was being in the postmenopausal period for at least 12 months. A semi-structured questionnaire was completed by face-to-face interview; consisting of closed- and open-ended questions about demographic characteristics; nutritional status; and habits with two or more choices as possible responses. Bone mineral density (BMD) measurements were performed with a MetriScan(R) Densitometer (Alara Inc.; Ca; USA). Results: Seven hundred twenty-four women were included in the study. The mean age was 57.6 +/- 9.6 years; and mean age at natural menopause was 46.4 +/- 5.6 years. Of the participants; 51% were illiterate. According to WHO classification; 42.5% were normal in terms of BMD; 27.2% had osteopenia; and 30.2% had OP. Women with high education levels had better T-scores (p = 0.019). Increase in BMI also had a positive effect on T-scores (p < 0.0001). A linear correlation was found between age (r= -0.386; p < 0.0001); BMI (r = -0.175; p < 0.0001); and education (r = -0.317; p < 0.0001); with T-scores. The T-scores of women who consumed tea on a regular basis were found to be higher than non-consumers (-1.51 +/- 1.68 vs. -1.09 +/- 1.66; p = 0.070) [when smokers; those who received hormonal therapy (HT); and those > 65 years were excluded]. Conclusion: OP was determined in 1/3 of the women. Advanced age (> 65) and being illiterate were negative factors; while high education levels; being overweight; and being treated with HT had a positive effects on BMD. Habitual tea drinking also may have a positive effect on BMD. However; tea drinking was not found to be a statistically significant factor in the present study.
Habitual Tea Drinking and Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Turkish Women: Investigation of Prevalence of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis in Turkey (IPPOT Study).
[My paper] I Hamdi Kara; S Aydin; A Gemalmaz; Z Aktürk; H Yaman; N Bozdemir; H Kurdak; K Sitmapinar; I Devran Sencar; O Basak; M Akdeniz; H Isıldar; E Burgut; S Ozcan; U Akça; N Dagdeviren; M Ungan
Dicle University School of Medicine; Department of Family Medicine; Diyarbakir - Turkey.
Aim: In this epidemiological report; we assessed the prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis (OP) in postmenopausal Turkish women and the relationship between body mass index (BMI); and some nutritional factors (habitual tea; coffee; tobacco; and milk product consumption) with OP. Methods: This multicenter study was done in postmenopausal women residing in five big cities; in four different regions of Turkey between August and November 2005. An inclusion criterion was being in the postmenopausal period for at least 12 months. A semi-structured questionnaire was completed by face-to-face interview; consisting of closed- and open-ended questions about demographic characteristics; nutritional status; and habits with two or more choices as possible responses. Bone mineral density (BMD) measurements were performed with a MetriScan(R) Densitometer (Alara Inc.; Ca; USA). Results: Seven hundred twenty-four women were included in the study. The mean age was 57.6 +/- 9.6 years; and mean age at natural menopause was 46.4 +/- 5.6 years. Of the participants; 51% were illiterate. According to WHO classification; 42.5% were normal in terms of BMD; 27.2% had osteopenia; and 30.2% had OP. Women with high education levels had better T-scores (p = 0.019). Increase in BMI also had a positive effect on T-scores (p < 0.0001). A linear correlation was found between age (r= -0.386; p < 0.0001); BMI (r = -0.175; p < 0.0001); and education (r = -0.317; p < 0.0001); with T-scores. The T-scores of women who consumed tea on a regular basis were found to be higher than non-consumers (-1.51 +/- 1.68 vs. -1.09 +/- 1.66; p = 0.070) [when smokers; those who received hormonal therapy (HT); and those > 65 years were excluded]. Conclusion: OP was determined in 1/3 of the women. Advanced age (> 65) and being illiterate were negative factors; while high education levels; being overweight; and being treated with HT had a positive effects on BMD. Habitual tea drinking also may have a positive effect on BMD. However; tea drinking was not found to be a statistically significant factor in the present study.